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Title: Social Policy Imperatives: Addressing Gaps in Skills and Education to Ameliorate Child Labour in Bangladesh

Abstract: Child labour hampers social equality and threatens their future interest. The last two decades represented a slowing down of the global pace of reduction in child labour. Moreover, the pandemic and wars, including economic crises over the past years have further stalled progress toward the goal of eliminating the worst forms of child labour. For this country, a disturbing fact is substantial rise in the figure of employed children in the age group of 12-13 years—from 0.04 million in 2013 to 0.59 million in 2022—and their involvement in perilous work, which has more than doubled in the last ten years. The Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics’ National Child Labour Survey of 2022 documents that out of 39.96 million children, 1,068,212 children (aged 5 to 17 years) are in remunerated or low-paid work, and amongst them, 60 percent are involved in hazardous child labour. In the interest of sustaining development gains, child labour needs to be cogently addressed. This study suggests a paradigm shift within a social policy imperative, due to the absence of an implemented and effective social protection strategy (notwithstanding the National Social Security Strategy that could successfully encompass this group) No implementation strategy has been articulated in NSSS. This study devises solutions that take into cognizance the socio-economic and structural constraints, for amelioration of child labour in Bangladesh. Also, policies have been recommended here: by drawing upon NGO initiatives in Bangladesh, as well as author’s projection of innovative strategies to keep children attentive and keen. An idea of best practice from RSBY (India) and ID cards for support of street children and poor, has been given. A child centered development for improving their skills and education, leading to entry into trading, or remunerative activity through placements, have been delved into, for quick improvements in their situation. It would assist in developing more sensitive policies and its implementation, in future.

By Anwara Begum*
In Volume: 12,Issue: 2
Title: South Asia and the Concept of Strategic Stability

Abstract: After the May 1998 nuclear tests in South Asia conducted by both India and Pakistan and declaring themselves as Nuclear Power the entire region of South Asia has become one of the most strategically tensed zone of the world. Its worthwhile here to say that both the above countries have chronic bilateral disputes along with severe tension on their border. On the other hand the complex border dispute between India and China simultaneously a Pak-China association against India make the things more challenging for the strategic balance and maintaining peace and stability in this region. The present work examines and analyses various theoretical aspects of strategic balance in South Asia with the expectations it shall help the concerned researchers and keen students to their studies.

By Mohd Rizwana*, Z. Bhatnagar b
In Volume: 12,Issue: 2
Title: Women Entrepreneurship- A Study about the Challenges and Some Government Schemes for Startup a Business

Abstract: Entrepreneurs play a key role in any economy. These are that people who have the skills, knowledge, and potential for run a business. Now a day’s women entrepreneurship is one of the most important areas of discussion. Women entrepreneur is women who have planning, organizing, and start a business. Women entrepreneur is that a person who accepts the risk, fulfill her personal needs and become financially independent. The research paper focused on two factors first is to determine the study of challenges faces by women entrepreneurs for start- up a business and second different schemes which are provided by the government. This research largely concentrates on the issues and challenges that women business entrepreneurs experience, such as an insufficient funding, absence of family support, low level of education, security fears, marketing challenges, etc. this study is based on secondary data which are collected from different articles, journals and books. The study also makes an effort to present ideas and different approaches to address the issues facing female entrepreneurs.

By Renuka Etoria*
In Volume: 12,Issue: 2
Title: South Asia and the Concept of Strategic Stability

Abstract: After the May 1998 nuclear tests in South Asia conducted by both India and Pakistan and declaring themselves as Nuclear Power the entire region of South Asia has become one of the most strategically tensed zone of the world. Its worthwhile here to say that both the above countries have chronic bilateral disputes along with severe tension on their border. On the other hand the complex border dispute between India and China simultaneously a Pak-China association against India make the things more challenging for the strategic balance and maintaining peace and stability in this region. The present work examines and analyses various theoretical aspects of strategic balance in South Asia with the expectations it shall help the concerned researchers and keen students to their studies.

By Mohd Rizwana*, Z. Bhatnagar b
In Volume: 12,Issue: 2
Title: Economics under Circulation must be Supported by Political Approach for Macroeconomic Stability with Special Reference to Bangladesh

Abstract: Superior supremacy with institutionalization and environmental scanning can support along with extending formal sector and growth with equity, removing social injustice, and dropping income inequality in an emerging economy like Bangladesh. Macroeconomic stability can help to attain excellent circumstances for the overall socio-economic scenario of a country provided a circular economy can work. SDG 10 is very important for the social and financial inclusion of the inhabitants. The research question of the study is whether the circular economy can help to attain substantial, planned, and participatory democracy to progress institutional participation through good Governance for attaining macroeconomic stability. From the study, it was observed that contributory and participatory governance preparations are customary for pro-people governments and can be considered as a criterion for good participation in endorsing the circular economy to attain dynamics of macroeconomic stability in an emerging economy like Bangladesh. Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina of Bangladesh proved her political maturity by free and fair election on 7th Janaury, 2024 and transformed to great statesperson of the earth.

By Muhammad Mahboob Alia*, José G. Vargas-Hernándezb
In Volume: 12,Issue: 2
Title: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Corporate Social Responsibility and Human Development Index

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered an unprecedented global crisis, profoundly affecting all aspects of society, including the business landscape and societal well-being. This study investigates the multifaceted impact of the pandemic on two critical dimensions: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices among organizations and the Human Development Index (HDI) of nations. Drawing on a comprehensive analysis of data spanning the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods, this research explores the complex interplay between these two constructs. The study assesses how the pandemic has influenced CSR initiatives across diverse industries and regions. It examines changes in CSR strategies, resource allocation, and the prioritization of social and environmental responsibility in corporate decision-making. The research also investigates whether the pandemic has acted as a catalyst for heightened CSR engagement or has imposed limitations on organizations' ability to fulfill their CSR commitments. This study delves into the impact of COVID-19 on the Human Development Index, a measure encompassing health, education, and income indicators. It explores how disruptions caused by the pandemic, such as healthcare strain, educational challenges, and economic recessions, have affected nations' HDI scores. The research also examines the potential correlation between nations with robust CSR practices and their ability to mitigate the adverse effects of the pandemic on human development. Findings from this study provide valuable insights into the dynamic relationship between corporate social responsibility and societal well-being during times of crisis. Understanding the pandemic's influence on CSR and HDI can inform stakeholders, including businesses, policymakers, and international organizations, as they navigate the path to recovery and long-term sustainability in a post-pandemic world. As the world grapples with the enduring effects of the COVID-19 crisis, this research sheds light on the evolving landscape of corporate responsibility and its integral role in shaping human development outcomes.

By Rajeev Sijariyaa*, Aditya Mishrab, Yogesh Sharmac, Ankit Surid, Meenakshie
In Volume: 12,Issue: 2

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