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Title: A Bibliometric Analysis of Women Entrepreneurship: Trends, Themes, and Global Perspectives

Abstract: Women entrepreneurs are the most rapidly expanding section of global entrepreneurship and have garnered significant attention from several scholars, particularly in recent years. Emerging entrepreneurship literature indicates that females contribute significantly to entrepreneurial activities and economic growth by generating new jobs and enhancing gross domestic product.This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis based on data extracted from the Web of Science record to explore the key trends, themes, and contributions in women entrepreneurship research. Using VOS viewer, the study maps keyword co-occurrences, identifies prominent themes, and analyzes the geographical distribution of publications. Findings highlight critical intersections of gender, innovation, and sustainability in entrepreneurship, revealing emerging areas for future research and policy development to foster global inclusive ecosystems for women entrepreneurs.

By Deepak Kumar, Tamanna
In Volume: 15,Issue: 1
Title: The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Digital Transformation: opportunities, challenges and Future Directions

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force that is redefining the way organizations approach digital transformation. By enabling intelligent automation, advanced data analysis, predictive decision-making, and personalized customer experiences, AI has become a key driver of innovation and organizational competitiveness. Despite its growing adoption, organizations continue to face several challenges, including ethical concerns, data privacy issues, cybersecurity risks, workforce adaptation, and implementation costs. This study examines the role of Artificial Intelligence in digital transformation by synthesizing evidence from recent academic literature, industry reports, and credible institutional publications. The paper adopts a qualitative approach based on secondary sources to explore how AI contributes to organizational transformation across different sectors. The analysis highlights that successful digital transformation depends not only on technological adoption but also on organizational readiness, effective leadership, employee capabilities, and responsible governance. The study further discusses the opportunities created by AI, the barriers affecting its implementation, and the future directions that can support sustainable digital transformation. The findings provide valuable insights for researchers, business leaders, and policymakers seeking to understand the evolving relationship between Artificial Intelligence and digital transformation in the modern business environment.

By S.K.S. Yadav, Kavita
In Volume: 15,Issue: 1
Title: The Theory and Practice of Conceptual Aspect of Democracy - A Critical Review

Abstract: Democracy is a way of life. It provides “Possibility of concurrence in action without the preliminary necessity of shared religion, moral conviction or political program. The democratic temper may lead to readiness to accept an other’s truth to be as good as his own, and therefore to enter into community, so far as it is possible to secure a reconciliation. ‘Democracy is traditional to level for the so called fundamental issues, which in any view, remain fundamental even if a number of schools apparently consider them obsolete’. The expressions ‘democracy’ and ‘democratic’ have been used in varying senses in different countries and in many places have been subjected to denote the state of affairs which is in complete negation of the meaning in which they are understood. The three spheres of Democracy are Political, economic and social. Political democracy means the Government by the people, economic democracy connotes the control of the means of production and social democracy means the abolition of social Privileges.

By Surendra Nath Yadav
In Volume: 15,Issue: 1
Title: Mediation as a Transformative Mechanism in Insolvency Resolution Under the IBC: Emerging Dimensions Under the Mediation Act, 2023

Abstract: The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (IBC) was enacted to ensure time-bound insolvency resolution, maximisation of asset value, and balancing of stakeholders’ interests. Nevertheless, increasing procedural delays, adversarial litigation, and mounting pendency before the National nyny Law Tribunal (NCLT) have diluted the efficiency of the insolvency framework. In this evolving context, mediation has emerged as a constructive and commercially viable mechanism capable of harmonising creditor-debtor relations while preserving enterprise value. The enactment of the Mediation Act marks a significant legislative shift towards institutional and pre-litigation mediation in India’s dispute resolution architecture. This paper critically examines the growing interface between mediation and insolvency law in India with special reference to recent developments under the IBC regime. It analyses how consensual dispute resolution can supplement the rigid adjudicatory model of insolvency proceedings, particularly in operational debt disputes, inter-creditor disagreements, avoidance transactions, and pre-packaged insolvency mechanisms. The study further evaluates the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India’s proposal permitting operational creditors to opt for mediation prior to initiating proceedings under Section 9 of the IBC, thereby institutionalising a culture of negotiated settlements within insolvency jurisprudence. The paper argues that mediation can substantially reduce litigation costs, preserve business continuity, maintain commercial relationships, and decongest insolvency tribunals without undermining the objectives of the IBC. It also explores the compatibility of mediated settlements with the principles of creditor autonomy, procedural fairness, and economic efficiency. By examining comparative global practices and contemporary Indian reforms, the paper concludes that mediation represents not merely an adjunct remedy but a transformative jurisprudential tool capable of reshaping insolvency governance in India from adversarial resolution to collaborative restructuring.

By Ashok Kumar Sharma
In Volume: 15,Issue: 1
Title: Financial Performance Evaluation of NSE AND BSE: A Comparative Assessment of Revenue Structure, Operating Efficiency, and Profitability (2020–2025)

Abstract: Stock exchanges play a crucial role in today’s financial systems by providing platforms for raising capital, enhancing market liquidity, and fostering economic growth. The National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE) and BSE Limited (BSE) in India have witnessed a sea change in the last decade due to technological advancements, regulatory reforms and increasing retail participation. They are regulated in the same way but differ in their revenue models, operating efficiencies and profitability. The present study has made a comparative analysis of the financial performance of NSE & BSE for the period 2020-2025 with the help of secondary data collected from the annual reports & financial statements. Various approaches such as trend analysis and comparative ratio analysis are studied for key performance indicators such as revenue growth, operating margin, and return on equity. Initial results show NSE is operationally more efficient and profitable mainly due to its dominance in the equity derivatives and technology-based product market. By contrast, BSE has focused on innovations in SME listings and mutual fund platforms, but its scale is small. This research adds to the literature on financial market infrastructure by providing insight to regulators, investors and researchers.

By Shamshad Khan, Arvind Kumar Yadav
In Volume: 15,Issue: 1
Title: Innovative Business Models in Supplying Energy Finance as a Service and Leasing in México

Abstract: This research report examines innovative business models in energy finance as a service (EFaaS) and leasing mechanisms within the Mexican energy sector. As México transitions toward renewable energy and sustainable development goals, novel financing structures have emerged to overcome traditional barriers to energy infrastructure investment. Results demonstrate that energy leasing and service-based models have achieved significant market traction, particularly in commercial solar photovoltaic installations and energy efficiency projects. Findings reveal that successful models incorporate flexible payment structures, comprehensive maintenance services, and performance guarantees that align incentives between service providers and clients. The discussion addresses regulatory enablers, financing innovations, and technology integration strategies that facilitate model adoption. The report concludes that EFaaS and leasing models represent transformative mechanisms for accelerating Mexico's energy transition, with implications for policy development, financial sector engagement, and sustainable infrastructure deployment.

By José G. Vargas-Hernández, Dra. Patricia Villasana-Ramos, M. C. Omar C. Vargas-González
In Volume: 15,Issue: 1

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