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Title: Role of Governance in Startup Entrepreneurial Ventures and Startup Ecosystem

Abstract: Even though governance is such a widely used term both nationally and internationally but there is not one commonly accepted definition of governance. Governance is mostly accepted as the role of the governing to ensure proper delivery of goods, services and opportunity to all the citizenry alike in an equitable, fair and transparent manner. Government for people does not exclusively mean only individuals but is also inclusive of government organisations, corporate houses and even small scale businesses including startups. The startups success or failure is thoroughly dependent on the policies and plans of the government. It's the government policies that induce an enabling environment for the startups to flourish or flounder badly. Thus, it is the duty of Government through Good Governance to enable the startups to make their mark and do meaningful contributions to the Indian economy and fulfill their mission.

By Akshra Sharmaa*, Akhil Mittalb
In Volume: 12,Issue: 2
Title: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Corporate Social Responsibility and Human Development Index

Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered an unprecedented global crisis, profoundly affecting all aspects of society, including the business landscape and societal well-being. This study investigates the multifaceted impact of the pandemic on two critical dimensions: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices among organizations and the Human Development Index (HDI) of nations. Drawing on a comprehensive analysis of data spanning the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods, this research explores the complex interplay between these two constructs. The study assesses how the pandemic has influenced CSR initiatives across diverse industries and regions. It examines changes in CSR strategies, resource allocation, and the prioritization of social and environmental responsibility in corporate decision-making. The research also investigates whether the pandemic has acted as a catalyst for heightened CSR engagement or has imposed limitations on organizations' ability to fulfill their CSR commitments. This study delves into the impact of COVID-19 on the Human Development Index, a measure encompassing health, education, and income indicators. It explores how disruptions caused by the pandemic, such as healthcare strain, educational challenges, and economic recessions, have affected nations' HDI scores. The research also examines the potential correlation between nations with robust CSR practices and their ability to mitigate the adverse effects of the pandemic on human development. Findings from this study provide valuable insights into the dynamic relationship between corporate social responsibility and societal well-being during times of crisis. Understanding the pandemic's influence on CSR and HDI can inform stakeholders, including businesses, policymakers, and international organizations, as they navigate the path to recovery and long-term sustainability in a post-pandemic world. As the world grapples with the enduring effects of the COVID-19 crisis, this research sheds light on the evolving landscape of corporate responsibility and its integral role in shaping human development outcomes.

By Rajeev Sijariyaa*, Aditya Mishrab, Yogesh Sharmac, Ankit Surid, Meenakshie
In Volume: 12,Issue: 2
Title: Carbon Outsourcing: A Big Hurdle in Reducing CO2 Emissions

Abstract: Over the last decade, the United States and many European Union countries like UK, France, and Germany, and some rich Asian countries like Japan and Singapore have reduced their CO2 emissions to a great extent, on the contrary, their consumption of goods that produce large amounts of CO2, (also known as consumption-based emissions) although lower, when compared to the last decade, is still higher than their production of such goods (also known as production-based emissions). Now, this is an interesting paradox that how come they are producing less, but still consuming more CO2. To get the complete picture, we have to consider another paradox that is closely related to the first one. If we look at the developing countries like China and India, both, their consumption-based and production-based emissions have grown over this period, however, their production-based emissions grew at a much higher pace than their consumption-based emissions. Now one might wonder why are these countries producing more than they consume, and are the two paradoxes somehow related to each other? The answer is 'Yes', they are related very closely. The reduction in emissions of developed countries is directly related to the increase in the emission of developing countries, as the developed countries have outsourced big quantity of their emissions to developing countries by importing goods from them rather than producing them domestically. This phenomenon of carbon-outsourcing has the caliber of reversing a good deal of progress made in fighting climate change and thus it is crucial to be addressed and tackled properly. In this paper, I discuss in detail the concept of Carbon Outsourcing, its negative impact on the environment and how rich countries exploit this to decrease their overall carbon-footprint.

By Vaishali Jaiswala*, Kartik Chaudharyb
In Volume: 12,Issue: 2
Title: Carbon Outsourcing: A Big Hurdle in Reducing CO2 Emissions

Abstract: Over the last decade, the United States and many European Union countries like UK, France, and Germany, and some rich Asian countries like Japan and Singapore have reduced their CO2 emissions to a great extent, on the contrary, their consumption of goods that produce large amounts of CO2, (also known as consumption-based emissions) although lower, when compared to the last decade, is still higher than their production of such goods (also known as production-based emissions). Now, this is an interesting paradox that how come they are producing less, but still consuming more CO2. To get the complete picture, we have to consider another paradox that is closely related to the first one. If we look at the developing countries like China and India, both, their consumption-based and production-based emissions have grown over this period, however, their production-based emissions grew at a much higher pace than their consumption-based emissions. Now one might wonder why are these countries producing more than they consume, and are the two paradoxes somehow related to each other? The answer is 'Yes', they are related very closely. The reduction in emissions of developed countries is directly related to the increase in the emission of developing countries, as the developed countries have outsourced big quantity of their emissions to developing countries by importing goods from them rather than producing them domestically. This phenomenon of carbon-outsourcing has the caliber of reversing a good deal of progress made in fighting climate change and thus it is crucial to be addressed and tackled properly. In this paper, I discuss in detail the concept of Carbon Outsourcing, its negative impact on the environment and how rich countries exploit this to decrease their overall carbon-footprint.

By Vaishali Jaiswala*, Kartik Chaudharyb
In Volume: 12,Issue: 2
Title: Fourth Industrial Revolution is the AI Revolution: With Reference to Different Industry Perspective

Abstract: The World Economic Forum's founder and executive chairman, Klaus Schwab, coined the phrase "fourth industrial revolution" to characterize a situation in which people use linked technology to facilitate and govern their lives, allowing them to seamlessly transition between offline and digital worlds. Our lives and economy are drastically altered by the first industrial revolution, which replaces the rural and handicraft economies with one dominated by industry and machine production. During the second industrial revolution, mass manufacturing is facilitated and accelerated by oil and electricity. Information technology was introduced during the third industrial revolution and was utilized to automate production. The industrial revolutions are sometimes seen as distinct events, but when taken as a whole, they make more sense as a chain of developments that built on the inventions of the preceding revolution and resulted in increasingly sophisticated modes of production. The so-called fourth industrial revolution, which includes a number of cutting-edge technologies and has the potential to advance faster and more broadly than any previous period in human history, might see artificial intelligence completely transform everything. The government, academia, business, and civil society are all interested in comprehending the complex effects of the impending industrial revolution, but it is difficult to forecast how it will unfold. Experts believe that while developing technologies could be extremely beneficial to humanity, they also carry a risk to our very existence. If we talk with reference to India, Artificial intelligence is still at the start of business developments in all levels. This article discusses the major features, benefits, risks, opportunities and challenges of the fourth industrial revolutions with respect to Artificial intelligence with reference to various industries in India.

By Vertika Agarwala*, Gaurav Goyalb
In Volume: 12,Issue: 2
Title: Women Entrepreneurship- A Study about the Challenges and Some Government Schemes for Startup a Business

Abstract: Entrepreneurs play a key role in any economy. These are that people who have the skills, knowledge, and potential for run a business. Now a day’s women entrepreneurship is one of the most important areas of discussion. Women entrepreneur is women who have planning, organizing, and start a business. Women entrepreneur is that a person who accepts the risk, fulfill her personal needs and become financially independent. The research paper focused on two factors first is to determine the study of challenges faces by women entrepreneurs for start- up a business and second different schemes which are provided by the government. This research largely concentrates on the issues and challenges that women business entrepreneurs experience, such as an insufficient funding, absence of family support, low level of education, security fears, marketing challenges, etc. this study is based on secondary data which are collected from different articles, journals and books. The study also makes an effort to present ideas and different approaches to address the issues facing female entrepreneurs.

By Renuka Etoria*
In Volume: 12,Issue: 2

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