Our Journals

Latest Issues

Our Experts

Latest Articles/Papers

Title: GDP, Unemployment, Government Expenditure in Bangladesh: Testing the Relevance of Okun’s Law

Abstract: This study examines the dynamic relationship among Gross Domestic Product (GDP), unemployment, and government expenditure in Bangladesh from 2010 to 2025. The analysis highlights a period of robust economic performance, with GDP growth consistently averaging above 6%, driven primarily by manufacturing, garment exports, and the service sector. Despite the significant disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, which saw growth dip to 3.45%, the economy demonstrated structural resilience and a rapid recovery. Concurrently, government expenditure has expanded significantly as a fiscal tool for development, particularly through large-scale infrastructure projects and social safety nets. Public spending rose from BDT 1,217 billion in 2016 to over BDT 2,218 billion by 2025. However, this expansionary stance has not fully addressed labor market inefficiencies. Unemployment has remained relatively stable between 3% and 5%, suggesting that the link between GDP growth and job creation is weak, thereby offering only limited support for Okun’s Law in the Bangladeshi context. The study identifies persistent structural challenges, including high youth unemployment and skill mismatches, and concludes that inclusive growth policies and labor market reforms are essential to translate macroeconomic gains into sustainable employment generation.

By S.K.S. Yadav, Imran Hosen, Dhwani Gupta
In Volume: 15,Issue: 1
Title: A Bibliometric Analysis of Women Entrepreneurship: Trends, Themes, and Global Perspectives

Abstract: Women entrepreneurs are the most rapidly expanding section of global entrepreneurship and have garnered significant attention from several scholars, particularly in recent years. Emerging entrepreneurship literature indicates that females contribute significantly to entrepreneurial activities and economic growth by generating new jobs and enhancing gross domestic product.This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis based on data extracted from the Web of Science record to explore the key trends, themes, and contributions in women entrepreneurship research. Using VOS viewer, the study maps keyword co-occurrences, identifies prominent themes, and analyzes the geographical distribution of publications. Findings highlight critical intersections of gender, innovation, and sustainability in entrepreneurship, revealing emerging areas for future research and policy development to foster global inclusive ecosystems for women entrepreneurs.

By Deepak Kumar, Tamanna
In Volume: 15,Issue: 1
Title: Humanitarian Crises and Refugee Mental Health in Europe: A Psychological Perspective on Forced Migration and Global Governance

Abstract: War, political instability, persecution, human rights violations and natural calamities have forced millions of people to involuntarily run from their homes in search of safety and stability, due to these sorrowful reasons humanitarian crisis arises and explains what really happens with these refugees. Europe has become one of the major destinations for refugees escaping such crises, however their experiences and what they are truly going through in order to survive is frequently reduced to policy debates. This paper strives to understand humanitarian crises, forced migration and refugee mental health challenges in Europe through a psychological perspective along with understanding the importance of global governance. This study uses a qualitative content analysis approach as it uses secondary data from international organization and existing research literature to assess the reasons for forced migration. The refugees who flee from their home countries don't migrate voluntarily because migration for them becomes a vital necessity when safety, dignity and basic rights are threatened to them and their families. They come across financial burden, unemployment, legal uncertainty, social exclusion, discrimination and very limited access to healthcare and mental health services. The existing literature regularly shows that these stressors built-up over time have severe psychological repercussions. The refugees show a very high prevalence of mental health disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), complex traumatic stress disorder which happens due to persistent exposure to trauma, depressive and anxiety disorders, sleep disturbances and somatic symptom disorders. This study also addresses how India-Europe collaboration would help through policy exchange frameworks and community-based mental health interventions.

By Ojasvi Chaudhary
In Volume: 15,Issue: 1
Title: Technology as a Catalyst for Global Change: Innovation, Equity, and Sustainable Transformation

Abstract: Technology has emerged as a transformative force shaping global development, social equity, and environmental sustainability. From artificial intelligence and digital health systems to renewable energy and smart infrastructure, technological innovation is redefining economies, governance, and human well-being. However, unequal access to digital resources, infrastructural disparities, and ethical challenges continue to widen global inequalities. This chapter explores how technology functions as a catalyst for global change by examining its role in innovation ecosystems, social inclusion, and sustainable development. It critically analyzes digital transformation across sectors such as healthcare, education, industry, and environmental management, while addressing issues of digital divide, data governance, and ethical responsibility. The chapter further aligns technological advancements with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), emphasizing inclusive innovation and policy-driven transformation. Through conceptual frameworks and global case illustrations, it proposes a balanced pathway that integrates innovation with equity and sustainability. Ultimately, the chapter argues that technology, when guided by ethical governance and inclusive policies, can serve as a powerful instrument for achieving resilient and sustainable global futures.

By Neha Soni
In Volume: 15,Issue: 1
Title: The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Digital Transformation: opportunities, challenges and Future Directions

Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force that is redefining the way organizations approach digital transformation. By enabling intelligent automation, advanced data analysis, predictive decision-making, and personalized customer experiences, AI has become a key driver of innovation and organizational competitiveness. Despite its growing adoption, organizations continue to face several challenges, including ethical concerns, data privacy issues, cybersecurity risks, workforce adaptation, and implementation costs. This study examines the role of Artificial Intelligence in digital transformation by synthesizing evidence from recent academic literature, industry reports, and credible institutional publications. The paper adopts a qualitative approach based on secondary sources to explore how AI contributes to organizational transformation across different sectors. The analysis highlights that successful digital transformation depends not only on technological adoption but also on organizational readiness, effective leadership, employee capabilities, and responsible governance. The study further discusses the opportunities created by AI, the barriers affecting its implementation, and the future directions that can support sustainable digital transformation. The findings provide valuable insights for researchers, business leaders, and policymakers seeking to understand the evolving relationship between Artificial Intelligence and digital transformation in the modern business environment.

By S.K.S. Yadav, Kavita
In Volume: 15,Issue: 1
Title: Innovative Business Models in Supplying Energy Finance as a Service and Leasing in México

Abstract: This research report examines innovative business models in energy finance as a service (EFaaS) and leasing mechanisms within the Mexican energy sector. As México transitions toward renewable energy and sustainable development goals, novel financing structures have emerged to overcome traditional barriers to energy infrastructure investment. Results demonstrate that energy leasing and service-based models have achieved significant market traction, particularly in commercial solar photovoltaic installations and energy efficiency projects. Findings reveal that successful models incorporate flexible payment structures, comprehensive maintenance services, and performance guarantees that align incentives between service providers and clients. The discussion addresses regulatory enablers, financing innovations, and technology integration strategies that facilitate model adoption. The report concludes that EFaaS and leasing models represent transformative mechanisms for accelerating Mexico's energy transition, with implications for policy development, financial sector engagement, and sustainable infrastructure deployment.

By José G. Vargas-Hernández, Dra. Patricia Villasana-Ramos, M. C. Omar C. Vargas-González
In Volume: 15,Issue: 1

Latest / Previous Editions

abc

Volume:15, Issue:1

Jan-Jun
abc

Volume:14, Issue:2

Jul-Dec
abc

Volume:14, Issue:1

Jan-Jun
abc

Volume:13, Issue:1

Jan-Jun